THE JUNGLE BOOK: LESSON 1+2 - HISTORIC AND ECONOMIC CONTEXT
1967 BOX OFFICE STATISTICS:
Budget - $4 million
Gross - $141 million gross in the US (29th highest grossing film of all time in the US) and $205 million worldwide.
An estimated $6.8 million came from Germany alone , making it Germany's highest grossing film of all time.
2016 BOX OFFICE STATISTICS:
Budget - $175 million
Gross - $364 million in the US and Canada and $602.5 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $966.6 million.
The film became a huge financial success. It briefly held the record for the biggest remake of all time until the studio's own Beauty and the Beast surpassed it in the following year.
WALT DISNEY:
//1901 - 1967
//Born in Chicago.
//He took art classes as a child and became a comical illustrator at 18.
//Moved to CA in the 1920's and set up Disney Brothers Studios with his brother Roy.
//He developed the character of Mickey Mouse in 1928, a big success.
//As the studio grew, Disney became more adventurous, including synchronized sound, full-colour three-strip technicolor, feature-length cartoons and technical developments in cameras.
//An American entrepreneur, animator, voice actor and film producer.
//He was a pioneer in the American film industry and introduced several developments in his production of cartoons.
//He holds the record for most Academy Awards earned by an individual, having won 22 Oscars form 59 nominations.
//He was presented with 2 Golden Globe special achievement awards along with and Emmy, among other things.
//Several of his films are included in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress.
EARLY ANIMATION (1927 - 1940s): GOLDEN ERA
//1927 - first series of animated films featuring Oswald the Lucky rabbit, then Mickey Mouse, which was a big success.
//1937 - first full-length feature was released, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Walt used the profits to buy 51 acres of land in Burbank (CA) to build a state-of-the-art film production factory.
//His cartoons were framed as live-action films, with surreal aspects kept to a minimum, which attracted criticism.
//Pinocchio was a big achievement, with complex characters rendered in detailed, full-figure animation. Dumbo and Bambi used these concepts and techniques also, Bambi creating the basis of an Animal specific narrative and theming that would be carried through into further films by the studio.
//Disney included an aspect of Horror into his stories, believing that kids were able to tolerate evil antagonists as long as the forces of good triumphed in the end.
THE MOVE TO LIVE ACTION (1940s - 1960s): WARTIME ERA/SILVER ERA
//1941 - major setback when workers went on strike for three months and many were called back to the war. Many of the studio's top animators were compelled to resign.
//The studios produced little on the level of Pinocchio and Dumbo for the net decade but featured instead on short cartoons, nature documentaries and features that combined animation and live-action.
//Movies in the 50's like Cinderella and Peter Pan were considered fine efforts but lacked the dimension of the early 40's films.
//Lady and the Tramp was a return to form but Disney was turning it's attention to live-action features, TV productions and his new theme pat, Disneyland, which opened in 1955 in CA.
//The studio lot was expanded in the 50's to include sound stages and production craft facilities for live action films. Disney's Mary Poppins was it's biggest achievement in over 20 years, it won 5 Academy Awards.
//Many of the interior scenes for Disney films were shot on five live-action sound stages.
//Walt Disney helped produce his last films in the mid-late 60's, including Sleeping Beauty and The Jungle Book.
AFTER THE DEATH OF DISNEY (1960S - 1990S) BRONZE(DARK) ERA/RENAISSANCE ERA
//The company was in financial disarray when Walt died in 1967 but enterprises he had planned before his death assured the company's future.
//1965 - Walt bought 43 acres of land in Florida for the Walt Disney World Resort to be built. Roy assumed supervision and the park opened in 1971 to great success; Epcot was incorporated into the park in 1982 and was quickly a main attraction. Epcot was the last project that Walt had envisioned during his lifetime.
//1970s-1980s - the company produced few films of note and realized it's greatest profits from the distribution of old films and from Disney World. This period of film-making was dubbed the bronze age, or dark age.
//1990s - A hugely successful decade from Disney and it's renaissance. The Little Mermaid was regarded as the studio's biggest success in 40 years along with other big blockbusters like Beauty and the Beast and The Lion King.
//The company had experimented with computer animation in Tron and realized it's potential with the enormously successful Toy Story and Toy Story 2 which they jointly produced with Pixar Animation Studios.
//Live-action features also found success, especially 101 Dalmatians, a remake of the Disney classic.
//1998 - The first Disney cruise ship set sail.
//Along with Disney Channel, broadcasting interests were expanded to the ABC network, ESPN and Radio Disney. The company also made stage adaptations of Beauty and the Beast and The Lion King, both being long-running successes.
//By the end of the 20th century, the Walt Disney Company was one of the world's largest entertainment conglomerates, also being consistently ranked among America's top 50 corporations.
THE 21ST CENTURY AND EXPANSION (2000 - NOW) POST RENAISSANCE(SECOND DARK) ERA/REVIVAL ERA
//Although films continue to be a major component of the Disney Company, they constitute but one of many successful ventures in recent years. Films in the early 2000's weren't as successful as the decade, while Disney was trying their hand at new methods of storytelling. They received only moderate success with these experiments, partially due to the other films coming out at the time (Harry Potter, Lord of the Rings etc.).
//New Disney theme parks opened up in Paris, Tokyo and Hong Kong, and DisneyQuests - indoor theme parks featuring VR - debuted in Orlando.
//2006 - Disney bought Pixar and their partnership continued to challenge previously held notions of what could be done with computer animation. Many have won Academy Awards for best animated film including Finding Nemo.
//Disney's own computer animated films also proved popular (Tangled, Frozen, Wreck it Ralph).
//Their live-action films experienced a rebirth with Pirates of the Caribbean: the Curse of the Black Pearl, a film loosely based on a Disney Theme park ride scored big at the box office.
//2009 - Disney acquired Marvel, a company best known as a comic book publisher, which had just begun to accelerate it's film development schedule.
//2012 - Avengers was released and became one of the highest grossing films of all time.
//Disney has since shown a keen interest in producing live-action versions of it's animated classics including Alice in Wonderland, Cinderella, and Beauty and the Beast.
//2012 - Disney acquired Lucasfilm Ltd., bringing Star Wars under the Disney umbrella.
//2015 - the company released the seventh installment of the series, Star Wars: the Force Awakens, Disney going onto make stand-alone films in the universe, like Rogue One.
//2017 - Disney agreed to purchase most of the holdings in Fox - including the film studio 20th Century Fox.
TECHNOLOGY IN THE JUNGLE BOOK:
Sean Bailey, president of production for Disney, called JB16 'one of the most technologically advanced movies ever made'; as the director noted, 'I found myself wrestling with the same things as Walt, who used cutting edge technology for his day, but with a different set of tools and technologies.'
JB16 is the result of cutting edge CGI - the animals were created digitally post-production and the one actor in the film (playing Mowgli) acted against a blue screen.
The visual effects won both a BAFTA and an Academy Award. The new film opens and closes using analogue techniques, however, referencing the original film.
Both the 1967 and 2016 versions worked in technicolor. This is a useful account of the integral working relationship and production process.
1967 ECONOMICS:
//Jungle Book was a box office smash and easily recouped the initial investment by Disney: the budget was $4 million but JB has now made $141 million gross in the US (the 29th highest grossing film of all time in the US) and $205 million worldwide.
//An estimated $6.8 million (out of around $60 million foreign gross) came from Germany alone, making it Germany's highest grossing film of all time (and the most successful film of all time in terms of ticket admissions in the country with 27.3 million tickets sold).
2016 ECONOMICS:
//JB16 cost an estimated $175 million to produce but opened with $103.6 million in North America, making it one of the biggest April debuts ever at the box office.
//It grossed over $966 million, making it the fifth highest grossing film of 2016 and the 35th highest grossing film of all time.
//In 2016, Disney's productions earned more at the box office than any of the other six majors; Disney amassed $2.56 billion globally, well ahead of it's nearest rivals, Warner Bros. and Universal, with each roughly $1.8 billion.
GLOBAL SUCCESS:
The film was released in 70 countries, opening at different times depending on competition and school holidays. It was the biggest holiday release ever in India, having earned $36.8 million and was very successful in China, where the film was locally known as Fantasy Forest.
It was particularly strong in therms of 3D ticket sales due to being 'precisely the sort of film that the Chinese love with it's 3D visuals, heartwarming story and talking animal cast'.
Capitalizing on the success of JB16, a sequel is planned, possibly for release.
Budget - $4 million
Gross - $141 million gross in the US (29th highest grossing film of all time in the US) and $205 million worldwide.
An estimated $6.8 million came from Germany alone , making it Germany's highest grossing film of all time.
2016 BOX OFFICE STATISTICS:
Budget - $175 million
Gross - $364 million in the US and Canada and $602.5 million in other countries for a worldwide total of $966.6 million.
The film became a huge financial success. It briefly held the record for the biggest remake of all time until the studio's own Beauty and the Beast surpassed it in the following year.
WALT DISNEY:
//1901 - 1967
//Born in Chicago.
//He took art classes as a child and became a comical illustrator at 18.
//Moved to CA in the 1920's and set up Disney Brothers Studios with his brother Roy.
//He developed the character of Mickey Mouse in 1928, a big success.
//As the studio grew, Disney became more adventurous, including synchronized sound, full-colour three-strip technicolor, feature-length cartoons and technical developments in cameras.
//An American entrepreneur, animator, voice actor and film producer.
//He was a pioneer in the American film industry and introduced several developments in his production of cartoons.
//He holds the record for most Academy Awards earned by an individual, having won 22 Oscars form 59 nominations.
//He was presented with 2 Golden Globe special achievement awards along with and Emmy, among other things.
//Several of his films are included in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress.
EARLY ANIMATION (1927 - 1940s): GOLDEN ERA
//1927 - first series of animated films featuring Oswald the Lucky rabbit, then Mickey Mouse, which was a big success.
//1937 - first full-length feature was released, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. Walt used the profits to buy 51 acres of land in Burbank (CA) to build a state-of-the-art film production factory.
//His cartoons were framed as live-action films, with surreal aspects kept to a minimum, which attracted criticism.
//Pinocchio was a big achievement, with complex characters rendered in detailed, full-figure animation. Dumbo and Bambi used these concepts and techniques also, Bambi creating the basis of an Animal specific narrative and theming that would be carried through into further films by the studio.
//Disney included an aspect of Horror into his stories, believing that kids were able to tolerate evil antagonists as long as the forces of good triumphed in the end.
THE MOVE TO LIVE ACTION (1940s - 1960s): WARTIME ERA/SILVER ERA
//1941 - major setback when workers went on strike for three months and many were called back to the war. Many of the studio's top animators were compelled to resign.
//The studios produced little on the level of Pinocchio and Dumbo for the net decade but featured instead on short cartoons, nature documentaries and features that combined animation and live-action.
//Movies in the 50's like Cinderella and Peter Pan were considered fine efforts but lacked the dimension of the early 40's films.
//Lady and the Tramp was a return to form but Disney was turning it's attention to live-action features, TV productions and his new theme pat, Disneyland, which opened in 1955 in CA.
//The studio lot was expanded in the 50's to include sound stages and production craft facilities for live action films. Disney's Mary Poppins was it's biggest achievement in over 20 years, it won 5 Academy Awards.
//Many of the interior scenes for Disney films were shot on five live-action sound stages.
//Walt Disney helped produce his last films in the mid-late 60's, including Sleeping Beauty and The Jungle Book.
AFTER THE DEATH OF DISNEY (1960S - 1990S) BRONZE(DARK) ERA/RENAISSANCE ERA
//The company was in financial disarray when Walt died in 1967 but enterprises he had planned before his death assured the company's future.
//1965 - Walt bought 43 acres of land in Florida for the Walt Disney World Resort to be built. Roy assumed supervision and the park opened in 1971 to great success; Epcot was incorporated into the park in 1982 and was quickly a main attraction. Epcot was the last project that Walt had envisioned during his lifetime.
//1970s-1980s - the company produced few films of note and realized it's greatest profits from the distribution of old films and from Disney World. This period of film-making was dubbed the bronze age, or dark age.
//1990s - A hugely successful decade from Disney and it's renaissance. The Little Mermaid was regarded as the studio's biggest success in 40 years along with other big blockbusters like Beauty and the Beast and The Lion King.
//The company had experimented with computer animation in Tron and realized it's potential with the enormously successful Toy Story and Toy Story 2 which they jointly produced with Pixar Animation Studios.
//Live-action features also found success, especially 101 Dalmatians, a remake of the Disney classic.
//1998 - The first Disney cruise ship set sail.
//Along with Disney Channel, broadcasting interests were expanded to the ABC network, ESPN and Radio Disney. The company also made stage adaptations of Beauty and the Beast and The Lion King, both being long-running successes.
//By the end of the 20th century, the Walt Disney Company was one of the world's largest entertainment conglomerates, also being consistently ranked among America's top 50 corporations.
THE 21ST CENTURY AND EXPANSION (2000 - NOW) POST RENAISSANCE(SECOND DARK) ERA/REVIVAL ERA
//Although films continue to be a major component of the Disney Company, they constitute but one of many successful ventures in recent years. Films in the early 2000's weren't as successful as the decade, while Disney was trying their hand at new methods of storytelling. They received only moderate success with these experiments, partially due to the other films coming out at the time (Harry Potter, Lord of the Rings etc.).
//New Disney theme parks opened up in Paris, Tokyo and Hong Kong, and DisneyQuests - indoor theme parks featuring VR - debuted in Orlando.
//2006 - Disney bought Pixar and their partnership continued to challenge previously held notions of what could be done with computer animation. Many have won Academy Awards for best animated film including Finding Nemo.
//Disney's own computer animated films also proved popular (Tangled, Frozen, Wreck it Ralph).
//Their live-action films experienced a rebirth with Pirates of the Caribbean: the Curse of the Black Pearl, a film loosely based on a Disney Theme park ride scored big at the box office.
//2009 - Disney acquired Marvel, a company best known as a comic book publisher, which had just begun to accelerate it's film development schedule.
//2012 - Avengers was released and became one of the highest grossing films of all time.
//Disney has since shown a keen interest in producing live-action versions of it's animated classics including Alice in Wonderland, Cinderella, and Beauty and the Beast.
//2012 - Disney acquired Lucasfilm Ltd., bringing Star Wars under the Disney umbrella.
//2015 - the company released the seventh installment of the series, Star Wars: the Force Awakens, Disney going onto make stand-alone films in the universe, like Rogue One.
//2017 - Disney agreed to purchase most of the holdings in Fox - including the film studio 20th Century Fox.
TECHNOLOGY IN THE JUNGLE BOOK:
Sean Bailey, president of production for Disney, called JB16 'one of the most technologically advanced movies ever made'; as the director noted, 'I found myself wrestling with the same things as Walt, who used cutting edge technology for his day, but with a different set of tools and technologies.'
JB16 is the result of cutting edge CGI - the animals were created digitally post-production and the one actor in the film (playing Mowgli) acted against a blue screen.
The visual effects won both a BAFTA and an Academy Award. The new film opens and closes using analogue techniques, however, referencing the original film.
Both the 1967 and 2016 versions worked in technicolor. This is a useful account of the integral working relationship and production process.
1967 ECONOMICS:
//Jungle Book was a box office smash and easily recouped the initial investment by Disney: the budget was $4 million but JB has now made $141 million gross in the US (the 29th highest grossing film of all time in the US) and $205 million worldwide.
//An estimated $6.8 million (out of around $60 million foreign gross) came from Germany alone, making it Germany's highest grossing film of all time (and the most successful film of all time in terms of ticket admissions in the country with 27.3 million tickets sold).
2016 ECONOMICS:
//JB16 cost an estimated $175 million to produce but opened with $103.6 million in North America, making it one of the biggest April debuts ever at the box office.
//It grossed over $966 million, making it the fifth highest grossing film of 2016 and the 35th highest grossing film of all time.
//In 2016, Disney's productions earned more at the box office than any of the other six majors; Disney amassed $2.56 billion globally, well ahead of it's nearest rivals, Warner Bros. and Universal, with each roughly $1.8 billion.
GLOBAL SUCCESS:
The film was released in 70 countries, opening at different times depending on competition and school holidays. It was the biggest holiday release ever in India, having earned $36.8 million and was very successful in China, where the film was locally known as Fantasy Forest.
It was particularly strong in therms of 3D ticket sales due to being 'precisely the sort of film that the Chinese love with it's 3D visuals, heartwarming story and talking animal cast'.
Capitalizing on the success of JB16, a sequel is planned, possibly for release.
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